TDR on Open  Spaces 

How can we prevent TDR exploitation to protect Mumbai's heritage and public spaces ?

The Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) policy in Mumbai was introduced in 1991 to address urbanization, preserve open spaces, and support affordable housing by transferring development potential from one area to another. Initially designed to compensate landowners for lands acquired for public purposes, TDR was intended to guide development while preserving public spaces. However, the policy has been exploited, turning TDR into a tradable commodity that can be used for any development, including slums, transit tenements, and luxury projects, undermining its original intent.

The misuse of TDR has led to several issues, including violations of urban planning principles by monetizing open spaces, heritage sites, and parks. This has resulted in unsustainable urban sprawl, environmental degradation, and the creation of unauthorized development rights. TDR has become a tool for powerful developers, leading to an overconcentration in high-value areas like Juhu, Bandra, and Andheri, while neglecting areas in need of public housing, such as Ramabai Ambedkar Nagar and Malavani. The market has been distorted, with TDR now being hoarded for luxury projects rather than supporting affordable housing.

At UCM, we strongly advocate for the protection of Mumbai’s valuable open spaces, such as Shivaji Park and the seafront, from exploitation through the Transfer of Development Rights (TDR). We oppose the commodification of TDR for luxury and commercial developments, which only drives up housing prices and displaces low-income residents. We call for stricter regulations to prevent overcrowding and ensure that any development prioritizes public benefit over profit.