Mumbai's Ground Reality: Layout open spaces on podiums
How can we advocate for preserving permeable open spaces in developments?
The Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP) 2022 highlights the worsening urban heat island (UHI) effect, primarily caused by the extensive use of concrete, asphalt, and minimal green spaces in the city. This leads to increased land surface temperatures (LST) and higher runoff rates, straining Mumbai's already overloaded drainage systems. The city's coastal nature further exacerbates these challenges, especially during high tide monsoon periods.
Legal and regulatory issues surrounding open spaces add to these concerns. The Supreme Court, in a judgment (SPL Civil No. 33402/2012), ruled that recreational space (LOS) must be provided on natural ground and cannot be reduced due to podium constructions. However, the DCPR 2034 allows for the development of LOS on podiums, violating this ruling. This regulation diminishes the requirement to preserve ‘mother earth,’ leading to the concreting of plots and preventing water percolation, which worsens flooding and the UHI effect. Additionally, podium-based recreational grounds (RGs) lack the depth for deep-rooted vegetation, reducing their ecological functions, such as cooling and air purification.
​At UCM, we are committed to promoting sustainable urban planning in Mumbai by advocating for green infrastructure, indigenous tree planting, and increased permeable surfaces. By integrating nature-based solutions, we aim to mitigate adverse effects of urbanization, and create a more livable spaces for its residents.